Improvement in roofing



. n Roofing.

N0. 136,516. PatlentedMarch4,l873.

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AM. PHO Toi/THDGRAPH/c ca N x (casona/s Prenom) UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN H. HOOD, OF DANSVILLE, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN RCQFING.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 136,516, dated March 4, 1873.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN H. HOOD, of Dansville, in the county otl Livingston and State of New York, have invented a certain Improvement in Roofing, of which the following is a speciiication:

My invention consists of a rootin g made up ot' successive layers of felt overlapping and breaking joints with each other, as hereinafter described, and built up in successive coverings, which are laid in cement at the time of application, and the joints ot' the felt covered by wooden or equivalent strips, as hereinafter Inore fully set forth.

In the drawing, Figure l is a cross-section ofa root' showing my improvement; Fig. 2, a similar view showing a modification.

I employ in this roofing the ordinary layers otfelt, but not previously covered with cement, as is usually done. These layers I apply to the roof, either up and down or crosswise, as follows: rlhe sheets come in rolls of a given width. I split or divide the lirst length of felt in the middle, longitudinally, so as to make a long narrow strip, a. I then apply the cement in its heated and melted state, on a sufficient width of the rootA, and lay the strip c in it. Vhen this is done I cover the strip a, already laid, and the adjoining boarding ofthe roof, with more of the cement, and lay over it a strip, al, of the felt of full width, which thus covers the half strip already laid, and laps on the boarding. I then cover this whole strip and sufficient of the adjoining boarding with cement again, and lay the next whole strip in the same manner, except only overlapping a part of the previously-laid strip and leaving its other part bare, but with a covering of soft cement. rIlhe last-laid strip is then fully covered with cement, as before, and a new one laid, overlapping it, and the successive whole strips are thus laid till the roof is fully covered. When fully complete, it will be seen that the felt is cemented fast to the boarding of the roof, and the overlapping edges of the strips are also cemented together; and furthermore the upper surface of the felt is continuously covered with soft cenient.

Ithen commence and laya second covering on top the irst, cementing both inside and out as Igo along. There is this difference, however:

instead of first using a half strip of the felt at' the edge I use a whole one, c2, which is wide enough to break joints 7 with therst strip ot' the primary covering. The succeeding strips ot' the secondcoverin g will then break joints with those of the primary covering over the whole extent ot' the roof. In this manner of alternating the half and whole strips at the edge of the roof any desired number of coverings may be applied, and the rooting may be made of any desired thickness, with all the layers alternating or breaking joints.

A rootin g thus laid is very effectual, as the layers are cemented to the boarding of the roof itself, and also solidly embedded in cement from bottom to top. The covering thus forms an integral part of the roof itself'.

When the roofing is finished the joints of the felt strips may be covered by strips c c ot' board, running in the same direction. These strips are made a few inches in width, and their edges are beveled oft', as shown. They are nailed in place and covered with cement so as to be water-proof. They serve as battens, covering the joints, and serve to throw the water into channels on each side ot' the joints, so as to run down over the unbroken portions of the felting.

The rooting may be painted and sanded or covered with rock-crystal, which, when hardened, forms a glazed and granular surface that will resist the elements almost indefinitely, and will also purify the water in passing over. The strips c of board may be painted any desired color to give Contrast to the rooting.

It' desired, also, slate, tin, shingles, or iron may be embedded in the cement to form a part of the rooting.

Layers of felt are in common use for roolin g. They are usually previously prepa-red and covered with the cement, which is thus hard at the time of laying. These strips are tacked down upon the root1 and spread over thetop with cement. In such cases it is difficult to make the roof tight, as the nail-heads draw through, and wind gets beneath the layers. The rooting is loose and labby. .I obviate these diculties by cementing tothe boarding, and by building up in a solid body of cement, and without the use of nails.

It will be noticed that a double layer of cement is embodied between the successive covming-first, that which is left on top in laying the lirst covering; and, second, that which is The combination of' a. roofing made up of two or more coverings of felt embedded in cement, as described, and e series of Wooden or equivalent strips, c, covering the joints of the felt, as and for the purpose specified.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my neme in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

JOHN H. HOOD.

Witnesses:

JAMES FAULKNER, Jr., JNO. C. WILLIAMS, Jr. 

